FD Value in Dry Heat Depyrogenation (USP <1228.1>)
The FD value is a thermal input unit used to quantify the effectiveness of dry heat depyrogenation processes for destroying bacterial endotoxins on pharmaceutical components such as glass vials, ampoules, and laboratory glassware. FD expresses the equivalent exposure time in minutes at 250 °C delivered during a depyrogenation cycle. By definition: FD = 1 corresponds […]